Mass communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mass communication - Essay Example Moreover, the analysis will consider the two pertinent arguments that seek to define the ways in which the media and culture interact with society. For such a purpose, it is necessary to view â€Å"the media† as a solitary entity rather than a conglomerate of multi-dimensional pieces. Although such a definition is somewhat simplistic, it is one of the only ways that such a broad topic can be attempted to be researched and answered in such a brief piece. Firstly, many scholars have sought to portray the way in which the media interacts with and defines culture as a mechanism by which one is forcefully shaping the other in a way that exhibits the strength and power of one over the other. This approach has been used by many to draw a level of inference with respect to the ways in which the media has a direct or indirect effect in attempting to mold and direct the shape of a given culture (Salomon 1997, p. 379). As such, this interpretation necessarily takes the view that the medi a is somehow operating in a type of vacuum and has the strength to both mold and shape the beliefs, attitudes, and norms/mores of society in which it interacts. Although this can to a large extent be realized to be partially true, the fact of the matter is that the media is itself integrally tied to the concept and understanding of culture. In this way, it cannot be fully understood to be a foreign force that is acting upon culture as a means to influence it. However, to the credit of those that espouse such a view of the media, it should be understood that recent changes and direction in the media actually helps to add a degree of credence to such a worldview. Years past, the media itself was a massive conglomeration of different firms and interests that could be divided amongst radio, television, movie industry, newspaper, magazine, entertainers, production entities etc. However, there has been a definite and pronounced trend within the past 30-40 years to have what can only be de fined as a more integrated representation of the media within our world. This is not the result of some sinister plot to control the minds and culture of our current society; rather, it is merely the fact that the media industries are like any other business and seek to continually differentiate themselves and seek out new opportunities, reduce competition, and open themselves to new markets and new consumers of their products. As a means to earn more profits and generate a higher degree of market share, mergers have been a trend within the media industries for the better part of the past several decades. As such, the aforementioned groups that make up the media industry within the world have become more and more related; thereby creating a situation in which but a handful of dominant media firms seemingly dictate multiple sectors of the media. This has caused many people to assume that due to the non-penetration of free market players into the industry it necessarily means that the media as such has a powerful and monopolistic effect on interacting with and defining culture (Mallia 2011, p. 33). However, as will be analyzed in the proceeding section, such an approach is somewhat narrow-minded. Due to the fact that each of these media sectors ultimately seeks to operate in the same way that any firm would (i.e. to generate profits), the behavior of the entity is not unpredictable or

Reactivity series for common metals experiment Essay Example for Free

Reactivity series for common metals experiment Essay Aim To see if a common metal is reactive or strong enough to replace/push out/displace another common metal from its liquid compound. Hypothesis My prediction will be: the most reactive metal shown by the reactivity series will show if the metal can displace or not the metal in the compound. For example my hypothesis in a reaction of Mg and Pb is that; Mg being a more reactive metal in the reactivity series will displace Pb, a least reactive metal in the series. Equipment 1. A chart with spaces big enough to proceed with the reaction. With the names of each different metals. For obvious reasons put an x from the top left corner to the inferior left corner. 2. A glass bigger than the chart for the paper for protection of it. 3. Each solid metal and metal compound for the reaction: Solid Metals: Magnesium (4), Copper(4), Iron(4), Zinc(4), Lead(4). Liquid Metal Compounds: Copper Sulphate, Iron Chloride, Magnesium Sulphate, Zinc Nitrate, Lead Nitrate. 4. A teat pipette. 5. Another table, but smaller, to record data. Procedure/Method 1. Get all required elements you are going to need, this elements are listed above. 2. Put the glass on top of the table of reactions. 3. Clean all metals, until they are shiny and clean. 4. Place 4 times the same metal on its corresponding column and different square; for all the metals(5). 5. Add carefully with the teat pipette one or two drops of the metal compound indicated directly onto the solid metal. 6. Observe for changes, take into account that if the texture or color are altered, it means that there has been displacement, reaction. 7. Write your observations. 8. Results should be written in a neat table, as tick if there was reaction, X if there was none and ? If not sure. 9. Analyze and conclude from your data. Data Analysis From the table above, we can conclude that the most reactive metal is Magnesium (Mg), since it reacts with all the metal compounds except itself (Magnesium Sulphate). Then will come Zinc (Zn) , reacting with 2 Metal Compounds. Iron(Fe) will be less reactive than Zn and reacting with only 1 Metal Compound. Finally the least reactive Solid Metal will be Copper and Lead, reacting with none metal compounds. Conclusion 1. Write down the order of reactivity you found: Based on the graphic above; the reactivity order i found: 3. Suggest why some squares were marked with an X on the grid. The diagonal squares in the grid from top left hand corner to lower right hand corner were marked with an X because it is pretty obvious that a metal can not displace the same metal on the compound; because it has the same reactivity and atoms on the last shell in the atom. So for example, Copper will not displace Copper on the compound: Copper Sulphate. 4. Referring to your text book. Is there any metal that does not seem to be behaving as its position says it should? Can you find any reasons for this? Well referring to the reaction series there are some metals i found which do not fit in the reaction series, this are Copper and Lead; well copper and lead should not be tied, the reactivity series show that Lead is more reactive than copper, and by this it should be first in the reactivity order. i think there are 2 possible ways to explain why this happens: Since the results we did were not very accurate and Lead and Copper are very close in the reactivity series, maybe we did not noticed the reaction of Lead or Copper, or maybe there wasnt in neither of them, well it is very possible that the reaction of them was not too noticeable to see the difference between them, but even though there was. The other possible way, could be that the metals werent very clean before we tested them, and so this could have altered and prevented a reaction in Lead. Evaluation In general we did a great effort with my teammate in the lab, we applied exactly two drops of the metal compound to the metal solid, tried every metal to be clean , but unfortunately we needed machinery to polish every single metal but we did not had it, we just had to do our best at trying to polish them. Another problem we did had, was to handle the spaces and the arrangement of the metals within their boxes in the lab; well we applied a small square to each experiment, we frequently had the metal compound spreading into other boxes, damaging the fair results of the other experiments. One solution could be to apply bigger spaces and arrange each metal at the center of its box.

Young Americans Must Vote! Essay -- Politics Political Argumentative

Young Americans Must Vote! Why vote? This is a major question among many young Americans today. America's youth, does not take the time to read articles, observe the news, or pay attention to presidential debates and campaigns due to their busy schedules. This creates two problems. First, young voters have little knowledge of current issues in the election. Also as a result, they are unaware of the importance of voting. Each presidential election stirs up an old controversy of whether to vote or not to vote. There are many young people who think that voting is not important; I believe that it is. By voting you are exercising your right as an American to voice your opinion, and young Americans need to become aware of this. One of the many young adults that is against voting in this year’s presidential election is Robert Klassen. Robert Klassen in a member of the League of Non-Voters, which is an organization that â€Å"is the focal point for the idea that political government doesn’t work and, contrary to conventional wisdom, democracy may be the worst form of it of all" (http://www.non-voters.org/). In his essay titled â€Å"Don’t Vote!,† Klassen makes arguments of why people should not vote in this year’s election. Klassen feels as if our government is criminal, the majority rule is unfair, the president is a tyrant, and we do not have freedom. This however is a tragedy, since democracy and our freedom to vote is part of what defines our country. Although I do not agree with Klassen on many of his claims I do agree with him when he states, â€Å"Americans have always been busy people preoccupied with their own lives and they pay remarkably little attention to what our full-time political government is really doing.† Thi... ... position of senator by one vote. Also in the 1960 presidential election, one additional voter per precinct in Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey and Texas would have elected Richard M. Nixon instead of John F. Kennedy as president (http://www.insuredemocracy.com/vote.htm). When you register to vote, the government collects these statistics on what age groups are registered to vote. If they see that a large majority of potential votes come from young people, then politicians are more inclined to focus on what is important to young people. All you need to do is take a little time to educate yourself about the election. For more information on voting and registering to vote, go to www.rockthevote.com or www.declareyourself.com. As young Americans we need to come together and have a say in what happens to the future of our country. Get educated, get involved, and VOTE !!!

Amazon Rainforest

Amazon Rainforest I am an explorer and I just returned from an expedition to the Amazon rainforest. The Amazon rainforest was amazing and there lots of facts that I would like to tell you about: [pic]The Rainforest grow around the equator. The hot, steamy conditions are perfect for plants. [pic]In fact, rainforests contain the largest diversity of plant and animal life on earth; many species are still unidentified. Rainforests form distinct layers, providing homes for animals at all levels. [pic]The Amazon rainforest is the world’s largest remaining natural resource that now represents 54% of the total rainforest left on earth. pic]More than 20% of earth’s oxygen is produced in this area the name of that area is called ‘lungs of the planet’. [pic]An estimated number of 2,700 million acres of the rainforest are burned each year. [pic]The rainforest is one of the wettest but hottest places on earth. August is the Amazon’s driest month. [pic]In the sout heast of England, the temperature in January is about 5 °c, where as in the Amazon it is about 28 °c. [pic]The total number of tree species is estimated to be about 2500. The total numbers of plants are about 40. 000. The Amazon insects are about 2. 5 million species.There are 7500 species of butterflies and 50 species of ants are found in a single tree. [pic]Over 500 mammals, 175 lizards and over 300 other reptiles species, and one third of the world’s birds live in Amazonia. Map of the Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest covers the area of 2. 5 million square miles, and taken up nine countries of Brazil: Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia and the Guiana’s, Guyana, French Guiana and Suriname. Tropical rainforests are located around the equator where temperatures stay near 80 degrees year round. Rainforest receive 160 too 400 inches of rain each year.Today, rapid deforestation threatens the Amazons forests. At current rates, 25 percent of its o riginal forests are projected to be destroyed by 2020, it will be a disaster. Climate This is a climate graph showing temperature and precipitation that happens yearly. The rainfall in January to march is increasing then it falls to May from 310mm to 250 mm. The rainfall then decreases to 110mm, and then it goes back down to august by 60mm. The precipitation level ascends to December by 170mm. There was lots of rainfall in between January and May, its like monsoon in India.The temperature starts in January at the level of 130 degrees Celsius, and then it drops to 110 degrees Celsius. Temperature increased to 140 degrees Celsius in April and may. Then it went up to 150 degrees Celsius in July, afterwards it shoots up to 290 degrees Celsius in September and 300 degrees Celsius in October. The temperature drops right down to 200 degrees Celsius in December. The temperature rose and the rainforest were really hot in between August and November. As I was exploring the rainforest I notice d that it is very hot, wet and sticky- very humid. I was covered with sweat and my boots were all sticky with mud.Another thing is that it rains everyday, so regularly that you could set your watch by it. The eastern horizon becomes suddenly black, and then wind rushes through the forest, a vivid flash of lightening, a crash of thunder and finally the downpour of rain. The next day the sun rises-spring summer autumn as it were in one tropical day. There is one type of rainfall, which is called convectional rainfall, which means that the sun heats the ground, which heats the air nearest the ground causing it to expand and rise. Storms are common with convectional rainfall. The Amazon rainforest gets nine feet of rain every year.Amazon Animals Birds Rainforests contain the richest variety of the world’s birds. From the emergent layer, fast-flying predators, such as eagles and hawks, descend on forest animals. The canopy is home to birds such as hornbills, parrots, and toucans, which feed on fruit and small animals. On the forest floor birds scratch at the soil for insects and plant roots. Here are the three animals that I saw during my expedition. Sloth I saw the sloth, there were lots of them hanging in the trees. They are very unique mammals and I found them in the canopy layer. There are six to seven species of them.They are divided up into two groups: the two-toed sloth, three-toed sloth. Three-toed sloths live on cecropia leaves but two-toed sloths live high in the canopy feeding on a wide variety of leaves and fruits. They are very slow and lazy animals that live in trees. Sloths spend most of their time hanging upside down from the tree branches. They sleep, mate, eat and give birth to a baby hanging upside down. They hold onto the branches with their strong sharp curved claws that are on each of their feet, which adapt to the environment they are living. They can’t stand upright because of the large claws.In their forest habitat, however, t heir hook-like claws provide a far more reliable grip on tree branches than the grip of a normal fist. Sloths have a thick brown and slightly greenish fur coat. Sloths are about a size of a cat. They are short, flat head, big eyes, a short tail, long legs and tiny ears. Some sloths have green algae on their fur to camouflage effect and providing some nutrients to the sloths, which lick the algae. Their fur goes upside down for rainwater to drip off. Sloths also have adaptations to stay warm! Apparently the sloth’s laziness is because of its diet.They eat only leaves, which are naturally low in energy and they are hard to digest. They sleep to get energy and they sleep about for 20 hours a day. They camouflage to hide from the predators like harpy eagles, anacondas, jaguars and humans. They can live up to 12 years in the wild. They are better at swimming than walking. Anaconda- heaviest snake in the world Honestly I really hate snakes, but unfortunately I saw an anaconda resti ng in one of the trees. Luckily it wasn’t hungry. It was camouflaged so it cannot be visible. Then I found out that they are the heaviest snakes in the world.They also known as the water boa, they are giant, semi-aquatic meat-eater lives in swampy areas of tropical South America. The largest anaconda ever measured was almost 28 feet long with a girth of 44 inches. The weight was over 500 lbs. Anacondas are not poisonous but it coils itself around its prey and they crush it. Anaconda could swallow entire cow. The digestion can take up to several days. They feed mostly on capybara, humans (if necessary), fish, and mammals. Anaconda don’t use its teeth to chew, it uses it to hold on to its prey to prevent it from escaping. Hummingbirds Awww! The hummingbirds look so cute.There were lots of them. It was really colourful when they all came together into groups. They are extremely small and brilliantly coloured, their wings beating up to 80 times per second and making an aud ible buzzing sound as they  as they fly. They are incredibly fast and they don’t keep still. Hummingbirds require lots of energy. They have the fastest wing beats of any bird and their hearts beat up to 1,260 beats per minute. Hummingbirds may visit 1,000 flowers per day. For protein, hummingbirds eat spiders and strain gnats from mid-air. They will pull insects out of spider webs including the spider itself.Sapsucker holes are a double treat, netting both insects and sap! They mainly live in the canopy area. Plants As I researched on plants I discovered that many rainforest trees are tall, with straight trunks with few branches and buttress roots support them. Other plants include epiphytes, such as bromeliads and orchids. Epiphytes use other plants as support, attaching themselves to branches by their roots to reach the light. They trap water and obtain nutrients from plant material that fall on them. Bromeliads have spiky leaves that channel water, leaves and fruit into a pool in the centre; these rot to provide the bromeliad with nutrients.Structure of the Amazon rainforest trees The Emergent The upper layer can reach up to 60 m above the forest floor. Here the tallest trees of the forest stick out in isolation from the mass of trees below. The emergent layer is home to bats, predatory birds, and fruit eaters such as the sun conure. Emergent trees are the tallest trees in a rain forest canopy, the ones that get the light. When they fall, they help a lot of light reach down onto the forest floor for other trees to finally get their chance to grow. Canopy Between 30-45m above ground level is the canopy.This dense layer of branches and leaves contains the greatest variety of animal life in the forest. Lianas- woody creepers – reach up to the sunlight of the upper canopy. Plants like Epiphytes grow on canopy trees. A common term for canopy trees is shade trees. A canopy is the outer layer of the tree’s leaves, and shade trees have a dens e canopy that block out the light. Some good canopy trees include: Oaks, maples, ashes, lindens, elms, poplars, beeches, tilias, tulipwood, tree waratah,  birches, golden robinia, crepe myrtle, Japanese crab apple, ornamental pea,  flowering plum. UnderstoreyShrubs grow in the Understorey layer wherever light squeeze through the canopy. Lizards, such as the common iguana, live here, climbing up tree trunks and feeding on insects and vegetation. The Understorey is the group of small trees, shrubs and vines that grow under the taller trees. These plants can grow in the shade of the taller trees. Understorey trees usually stay short, even if they are very old. Forest floor There are few plants on the dark forest floor, but many small animals such as insects feed on and recycle material that falls from above. Almost no plants grow in this area, as a result.Since hardly any sun reaches the forest floor things begin to decay quickly. A leaf that might take one year to decompose in a r egular climate will disappear in  6 weeks. Leaf-cutter ant use leaves as a compost to grow fungus they feed on. Indian Tribes The kayapo village Traditional Kayapo villages are formed by a circle of houses built around a large cleared area. The houses from the kayapo village are mainly made from materials from the forest. Men work together as a team and a colourful parrot guides the men like where to put the stuff and etc. There are 10 houses altogether.They are made from palm trees. In the middle of the village there is the men’s house. Young and unmarried men go there. They join the senior men to paint their faces and bodies as a tradition and they learn the history of tribes and the daily basis. The river is used for fishing, bathing, cooking and drinking. Fishing is a year-round activity, but it has to be done in the dry season, when the water level is at its lowest, that fish are caught in large numbers. To achieve this, the Kayapo use timbo vines. The men beat the vin es for hours in the water with small clubs (sticks wider at one end).This decreases the oxygen of the water but this won’t poisson the fish. The fish won’t be able to breathe in the water. Then the fish floats to the other end of the water and the children catches the fish with their bare hands. Then they go back to their village and hand their fish over to their wife, if they are unmarried they will give the fish to their mother or sister. Other foods are grown in the garden where women look after them. The women harvest the family's garden for vegetables. They also prepare body paint with the help of their children. Children play hunting games.Kayapo learn portugese to help them understand the world around them. They use radios to communicate with the other tribes. Deforestation Deforestation is when the amazon tropical rainforest or any forest which is being cut down at an alarimg rate. It is estimated that 100,000 species willl become extinct in the next 40 years a s a result of deforestation. The potential for discovering new foods or medicines from these species will be lost forever. The problem is that the rainforest does not grow back. This is because most of the nutrients which the plants needs to grow are stored in the trees.Once the trees have been removed, the source of the nutrients diappears. Any goodness that is left in the soil is quickly washed away by the heavy rainfall that happens in this region. There used to be 6 million indigenous people in the amazon rainforest; today there are only 200,000 left. This is because deforestation is destroying their traditional lands, they have suffered from diseases brought in by the settlers. If deforestation is not controlled only 28 per cent of the amazon rainforest will be left by 2020. Deforestation is caused by: Agriculture- the forest has been cleared to clear farmland for large estates.Ranching- a major cause of deforestation is for beef cattle farming. Mining- the amazon is rich in mi nerals like iron ore, tin and gold – the forest is destroyed by the mines. Dams- the dams provide essential electricity, which is a renewable energy source. However the forest is flooded and wildlife will loose their habitat. Roads- 12,000 km of roads have been built in the amazon. Conclusion We can help to protect the rainforest by making sure that we do not buy any products that are responsible for trees being cut down. We can also support organisations that protect rainforests such as friends of the earth or greenpeace.Each year an area of forest slightly larger than trees are cut down, releasing global warming pollution in the form of carbon dioxide and methane from burning and decaying vegetation. Deforestation disturbs the water cycle by allowing water to runoff directly to rivers rather than being trapped in soil and vegetation and slowly released throughout the year. 85% of the Amazon rainforest may be lost due to global warming. By the end of the year the trees had r eleased more than two-thirds of the carbon dioxide they have stored during their lives, helping to act as a break on global warming.Instead they began accelerating the climate change. These are some steps for saving rainforests which are known as â€Å"TREES† Teach others about the importance of the environment and how they can help save rainforests. Restore damaged ecosystems by planting trees on land where forests have been cut down. Encourage people to live in a way that doesn't hurt the environment Establish parks to protect rainforests and wildlife Support companies that operate in ways that minimize damage to the environment That was the end to my journey I had a lovely time. I like to go there again.

Anthem by Ayn Rand Essay

The book Anthem by Ayn Rand expresses the true meaning of the word â€Å"ego.† The definition says its meaning but the story itself shows it with actions. Ego means the self aspect of an individual that thinks, forms values, and makes judgments. In Anthem it refers to the need individuals have to be liberated from collectivism, free to use their own minds and express individual uniqueness. This word has a lot to do with the book and the purpose of the story. It recounts to it in many ways, since this is the story’s main focus. Ego relates to the book Anthem because it is the theme, and is the lesson we readers learn from it. Equality the main character of Anthem is our guided road to egoism. He is the one that leads the readers to understand the reasons his society is in need of ego. He goes after the solutions and takes dangerous risks as well. The world in which they live is so miserable, they are basically treated like robots. Equality felt like he needed to do something about it, that he needed to recover the ego that got lost in the web of dystopian inhumanities. There is where we see the relation between â€Å"ego† and the book. The whole reason why there is a problem in the story is because everyone is lacking of THE EGO that life grants each human being. As it states on page 46, â€Å"There is fear hanging in the air of the sleeping halls, and in the air of the streets. Fear walks through the City, fear without name, without shape. All men feel it and none dare to speak it.† Meaning these men are scared of their society which is why they don’t stand up for themselves and they feel fear. It all happens because they don’t have their own ego. At the end when Equality discovers what had been hidden for many years. He starts to live life the way it should had always been, that is when he finds egoism. We now see how ego turns to be the theme of Anthem. This book shows us how a different lifestyle/society can completely restrict us from the life humans are meant to have. That is the lesson I take away from this story. Ego is truly important in life and that is what Equality teaches us. He does so by showing how great his life can be when there is objectivism. He lives in the mountains in a two stories house by himself with the exception of Gaea. That is a big step towards the Unmentionable times and a better life for Equality and the ones that surround him. As it states on pages 99-100, â€Å"I shall live here, in my own house. I shall take my food from the earth by the toil of my own hands. I shall learn many secrets from my books. Through the years ahead, I shall rebuild the achievements of the past, and open the way to carry them further; the achievements which are open to me but closed forever to my brothers, for their minds are shackled to the weakest and dullest ones among them.† Asserting us he will make good use of his ego. Overall the word ego ties in very well with the book and the story’s purpose. This word is the motor that carries on the book. It is also the teaching that readers obtain. â€Å"Ego† is the best good word to represent all the barbarities that are now long gone and banned from Equality’s life. It was known as â€Å"the unspeakable word† and it turn into the salvation word. Ego relates to the book Anthem because it is the theme, and is the lesson we readers learn from it. â€Å"The word which can never die on this earth, for it is the heart of it and the meaning and the glory. The sacred word: EGO†

Healthcare and Financial Issues Essay Example

Healthcare and Financial Issues Essay Example Healthcare and Financial Issues Essay Healthcare and Financial Issues Essay Healthcare Financial Issues The history of the American healthcare system has experienced some form of distray. Despite the introduction of the managed care (sought to bring the cost of healthcare down), Americans have expressed fear that the costs of healthcare have continued to rise. The 2010s Obamacare was introduced to reform various aspects of the American health insurance industry, and to also improve the quality and access of healthcare services. The research paper aims at exploring Obama healthcare service and how the new requirements have transformed that nature of the health of the U.S. citizenry. The concern of the paper lies in examining how the quality and value of the American health care service has changed since the introduction of the Obama healthcare service. This research uses qualitative research method; qualitative method enables the researcher to dig deeper into getting finer details aboutthe non-quantitative aspects of the topic being studied. Through qualitative research, the paper will unearth how managed care, as an an initiative, addresses the escalating costs of medical care. The research is interested to investigate how managed care can lead to effective funding and offering referals. The researcher will unmask how this healthcare tool covers services that are experimental in nature (Babbie, 2016). The research will narrow down to utilize case study reseach approach, which refers to a research whereby where the researcher is suppopsed to give a comprehensive analaysis and cccount of more than one case. The leading (foundatonal) research in this case study research would thus be put as follows: What are the major characteristics of the Obamacare case? Since the roots of the case study are interdisciplinary, the research shall draw upon various other models can be incorporated to describe and explain the Obamacare case. As classified by Babbie (2016), a caqse study research can be divided into three: e Collective case study-where researchers interest is to study and compare multiple cases in a singular research sudy; e Instrumental case study-where the interest of the researcher is to understand something more general than the obviousness of the case; e Intrisc case study-where the researchers interest lies in understand particulars ofthe case. By setting research questions, the research will be centered on sourcing the answers to these questions. The three questions to be considered include: RQ1: How has Obama healthcare service and the new requirements changed the nature of health of the US citizens? RQ2. How can Healthcare services improve quality and value in the U.S. Health Care System? RQ3. How can adequate healthcare coverage ensure all people have access to quality health services without facing financial hardship? Some of the benefits the research will seek to investigate is the shared benefit with which Obamacare service allows Americans to access it from any part of America. Since this service requires all health insurance plans to cover crucial health benefits and rights. This healthcare plan favors millions of American patients together with the uninsured citizens by ensuring that they canaccess free and low healthcare costs. It consequently allows parents to cover their childrens health up to to the age of 26, a factor that gives more benefits and returns to insurance companies andproviders. Obamacare will detrimentally lead to low costs, since it will outnumber the insurance companies that havebeen having a good number of clients who take all sorts of insurance covers. This is because the service aims at offering high quality healthcare at relatively lower costs. It negatively affect Americans who may be unwilling to buy the insurance through Obamacare tax penalties. By setting research questions, the research will be centered on sourcing the answers to these questions. Some of the considerations involved in carrying out this research include the capability to seal the gaps in knowledge needed to be derived from the research. The research will be carried out ina natural setting and would involve a process of building a holistic and complex picture of the phenomenon of interest. There are many ways through which the researcher can collaborate and enrich their work while conducting a study on a certain topic, like the Obamacare, in this case. The capability to have several iterations of the study in different settings will provide a means of validating findings. Collaboration requires many forms, including crossing discipliness (Babbie, 2016). The practitioner research addresses the investigator, the purpose, and the setting. In this case, the research seeks rightful information from the practitioner who have insight regarding the Obamacare. Reference Babbie, E. R. (2016). The practice of social research. Belmont: Wadsworth Pub. Co.

What Does It Mean To Be a Muslim Essays

What Does It Mean To Be a Muslim Essays What Does It Mean To Be a Muslim Essay What Does It Mean To Be a Muslim Essay Recent events have put the Muslim population of the world in the middle of public attention. Unfortunate events like the 9/11 terrorist’s bombings have place Muslims in a bad light because of some people’s accusations that the Islamic religion is somehow related to terrorism. Nevertheless, even though the suicide bombers who are responsible in these terrorists’ acts are indeed Muslims, it does not necessarily mean that all those people should be characterized as such. However, those people who lack the necessary knowledge about Islam as well as those people who adhere to these beliefs become susceptible in giving judgments toward the Muslims in the forms of stereotypes and prejudices. Being the case, a persisting question arises, what does it really mean to be a Muslim? To be a Muslim means to have a deep commitment towards your religion that is observable in words and in actions that is mindful of the well-being of oneself and most especi ally of other people.In order to understand what it is to be a Muslim, the meaning of the Islamic religion must first be understood. The word â€Å"Islam† means â€Å"to submit† or â€Å"submission† (Chittick, 1992, 2). Thus, Islam is defined as â€Å"voluntary submission to God’s will by following His revealed messages† (Chittick, 1992, 2). The Koran states that â€Å"Muslims† are those who freely submit to God. As such, religion is a very important aspect of being a Muslim wherein they adhere and practice the different teachings and beliefs of their religion. The principles that guide the Islamic religion are found in the Koran. The Koran or Qu’ran is a book of Holy Scriptures of the Islamic religion that contains a record of the Prophet Muhammad’s teachings, which he delivered during the seventh century (Dawood, 1990). Since, Muhammad is considered as the messenger of Allah or God; his teachings are also recognized as coming from the divine. Among the most notable principles that guide the Muslim in the practice of their faith are the Five Pillars of Islam.The five pillars of Islam are: Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj. First, the Shahadaha also known as the testimony is the basic foundation of remaining four pillars as it is considered as the gist of Islam’s central points. It is a profession of faith wherein an individual bear witness that there is no other god but Allah and Muhammad is His prophet (Schimmel, 1992). Second, the Salat or the ritual prayer, which is performed properly five times a day. Third, the Zakat or giving alms or tax is considered as a form of charity, which is given to the poor and the needy. Fourth, Sawm is the practice of fasting during the month of Ramadan. Lastly, the Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, the center of Islamic teaching, at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime (BBC, 2008). These Five Pillars served as the framework in the life of every Muslims. These also proves that Muslims give due importance to their religion by actually practicing it in their daily lives and not just merely something that believe or preach.The important element in a Muslim’s worldview is rooted in their Islamic belief. The Islamic perception of the world is concerned not only in the present situation or reality of events but it also includes the life after death or the Day of Judgment. It can be said that Muslims believe in â€Å"dual worldviews†, which makes it different from the Westerners’ view. Dissimilar to Western perspective that is dependent on logical reasoning and rationality, Muslims still based their views mainly from the Koran (Asri and Fahmi, 2004). This only shows the great influence that their religion has with the other aspect of their lives.The attitudes or characteristics of a Muslim are also influenced by his or her religion. According to the Prophet Muhammad, a believer of Islam also known as the Muslims are describ ed as morally upright, giving, and compassionate. This is clearly seen in his sermon, which states that a believer has a life that is mindful of the law and exemplified righteous deeds. He or she has good morals and treats other with respect. A Muslim also has a purified heart and soul because he or she does not hate others or being hypocritical about them. A believer of the Islamic religion spends his or her wealth for the cause of Allah, which could be exemplified through acts of charity. Most importantly, Muslims are compassionate. They are not offensive towards other people and their actions are guided accordingly in order not to harm their fellow human beings (Al Balagh Foundation, n.d.).Since Muslims are characterized as morally upright individuals, they tend to adhere to strict codes of conduct. The moral teachings of the Islamic religion is grounded from the belief that Allah gave every individual the necessary intellect in order for him or her to differentiate what is right from what is wrong. Temptation is something that is present and observable in the world. It exists among the midst of every individual but a human being’s capability to discern and make morally judgments should enable him or her to fight these temptations.  Ã‚   In this sense, an individuals’ morality is what makes him or her different from other living creatures that Allah created. Animals do not have the capability to distinguish good from evil, which made humans distinct from them. Being the case, an individual who practiced lying, cheating, deceitfulness, and other unjust deeds are worse than an animal. The Islamic teachings mandate that humans should have a life that is guided by principles and moral virtues. Muslims should follow good, praiseworthy as well as moral behavior and forego of immoral and bad conduct. This is related from the belief that an individual who possesses a bad character causes harm to oneself as well as to the society as a whole because h is or her actions affect other people (Al Balagh, n.d.).Contrary to some people’s belief that resurrection and the judgment day are only observable in religions like Christianity, Islam also has their own teachings when it comes to these matters. The central doctrine of the Qu’ran also give due importance to the Last Day or the Day of Judgment. Based upon the Islamic belief, the souls of the death remain in their graves while waiting for resurrection to take place. Nevertheless, during this period of waiting they already can already foresee what will happen to them during the Day of Judgment. Those people who follow the teachings of Islam and live a life that is in accordance with the principles that Allah gave them will always be at peace. On the other hand, those people who lived an immoral life and completely disregard the teachings of their religion will suffer in their graves, which only indicate that they are bound for hell (Religion Facts, 2008).During the Judgm ent Day, those humans that are resurrected will face Allah. Allah will judge them according to their actions while they are still on earth. Their eternal destination is dependent upon the balance of their good and evil deeds. There are only two destinations that these people will go to. They can either be admitted to Paradise wherein they will experience spiritual and physical well-being forever or they will be condemned to Hell in which they will suffer spiritually and be physically tormented for eternity. This kind of judgment is also described as passing over Hell through a narrow bridge in order to get to Heaven. Those who are sinful will be weighted by their bad deeds and fall in Hell forever (Religion Facts, 2008).People who do not completely understand the Islamic teaching thought that Muslims practiced intolerance especially with regards to non-believers or those who adhere to a different religion. This kind of adage is proven to be wrong. According to the basic principle of Islam, faith should be observed towards all prophets of the world. This clearly debunks this aforementioned allegation. The Islamic religion preached the love and respect for other religions in the world but more than that it gives emphasis in having â€Å"faith† for these other beliefs. This only proves that Muslims are tolerant of people who do not adhere to their religion. Moreover, it does not only preach faith for other religions, Islam also gives equal for all (Ali, n.d.).Being a tolerant and inclusive systematic religion, Islam is characterized with an interrelated set of ideals and realities that influence individuals. As such, many concepts in this religion are also connected with each other. This is exemplified by martyrdom and Jihad. Jihad is often described as the mere idea of holy war; however, its literal meaning is the â€Å"struggle† or â€Å"effort† (BBC, 2008). Muslims pertain to Jihad in three various kind of struggle. First, a believer of th e religion’s internal struggles to live a life that is guided by the Muslim faith. Second, is the struggle to establish a sound society of Muslims. Lastly and the most controversial is the struggle to defend the Islamic religion even with the use of force. There are references in the Islamic writings that describe this third form of struggle as military in nature wherein this means is utilized in order to counter anything that threatens Islam (BBC, 2008). The concept of martyrdom is usually related with the idea of holy war because it is being prepared to die in the process of submission to the Islamic religion. However, martyrdom is not only realized by dying in the course of battle because the other kinds of struggle in the light of living the Islamic faith are also associated with it (Ezzati, 1986).During this modern age, Islam is also faced with numerous challenges with regards to criticisms about the practice of this religion. One of the most notable issues being raise i s the inequality between men and women in Islamic religion. However, the scriptures of Islam disprove such claim. It gives men authority over women but it gives emphasis that men should treat them properly. Divorce is also seen as a prerogative of the man but women also have to divorce their husband if it is stated in the contract. Moreover, the way women conservatively dress and act in the Muslim society is also scrutinized by Westerners as a form of subordination. Nevertheless, Muslim women defend these practices as a part of their religion and culture, which they willingly and voluntarily follow. In relation to these, other modern phenomena like globalization and internationalism are not something the Islamic society completely disagrees from, the only thing they want to ensure is that modernity will not disrupt the Islamic religion that they uphold.Being a Muslim entails being committed to the religion that you adhere to. This is clearly established by the great influence that I slam has in the different aspects in the life of a Muslim. Muslims does not merely believe or preach about their religion but rather they make sure that they practiced its very values and ideals in their everyday lives. This is observable in their decisions, actions, and even when it comes to their perspective about the world. It only shows that to be a Muslim is indeed to be a firm believer of Islam.ReferencesAl Balagh. (n.d.). The Characteristics of a Muslim. Retrieved October 6, 2008, fromal-islam.org/gallery/kids/Books/bca3/.Ali, M.M. (n.d.). Liberal view of other religions by Islam. Retrieved October 6, 2008, frommuslim.org/islam/tolerance.htm.Asri, M., Fahmi, M. (2004). Contribution of the Islamic Worldview Towards CorporateGovernance. Retrieved October 6, 2008, fromiiu.edu.my/iaw/Students%20Term%20Papers_files/Asri%20and%20Fahmi%20IslWWandCG.htm.BBC. (2008). Five Pillars of Islam. Retrieved October 6, 2008, frombbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/fivepillars.shtml.B BC. (2008). Jihad. Retrieved October 6, 2008, frombbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/beliefs/jihad_1.shtml.Chittick, W. (1992). Faith and Practice of Islam: Three Thirteenth Century Sufi Texts. NewYork: SUNY Press.Dawood, N.J. (1990). The Koran: Revised Edition. New York: Penguin Classics.Religion Facts. (2008). Islamic Beliefs about the Afterlife. Retrieved October 6, 2008, fromreligionfacts.com/islam/beliefs/afterlife.htm.Schimmel, A. (1992). Islam: An Introduction. New York: SUNY Press.

University of Rhode Island (URI) Admissions Facts

University of Rhode Island (URI) Admissions Facts The University of Rhode Island has an acceptance rate of 73%, making it a generally accessible school. That said, admitted students tend to have grades and standardized test scores that are average or better. The admissions process is holistic, and students will need to submit high school transcripts, scores from the SAT or ACT, a personal essay, and a letter of recommendation. The rigor of your high school curriculum will play a meaningful role, so those AP, IB, and Honors classes can all strengthen your application. If you have any questions, be sure to get in touch with the admissions office at URI. Will you get in? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) University of Rhode Island Acceptance Rate: 73Â  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for URITest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 480 / 580SAT Math: 490 / 590SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanSAT score comparison for Rhode IslandAtlantic 10 Conference SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 22 / 27ACT English: 21 / 26ACT Math:Â  21 / 26What these ACT numbers meanACT score comparison for Rhode IslandAtlantic 10 Conference ACT score comparison University of Rhode Island Description Located in Kingston, the University of Rhode Island often ranks highly for both its academic programs and its educational value. For its strengths in the liberal arts and sciences, URI was awarded a chapter of the prestigious Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society. High achieving students should look into the URI Honors Program which offers special academic, advising and housing opportunities. In athletics, the University of Rhode Island Rams compete in the NCAA Division I Atlantic 10 Conference for most sports, with football competing in the Colonial Athletic Association. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 17,822Â  (14,812 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 44Â  percent Male / 56 percent Female84 percent Full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $12,884 (in-state); $28,874 (out-of-state)Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $12,278Other Expenses: $2,043Total Cost: $28,405 (in-state); $44,395 (out-of-state) University of Rhode Island Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 93 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 84 percentLoans: 81 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $10,680Loans: $6,408 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Accounting, Business Administration, Communication Studies, English, Human Development and Family Studies, Nursing, PsychologyWhat major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 83Â  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 42 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 63 percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports: Football, Baseball, Golf, Soccer, Basketball, Cross Country, Track and FieldWomens Sports: Softball, Tennis, Volleyball, Basketball, Cross Country, Rowing, Soccer, Track and Field If You Like URI, You May Also Like These Schools University of Connecticut: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphProvidence College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Delaware: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSacred Heart University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of New Haven: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBrown University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphQuinnipiac University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRhode Island College: ProfileRoger Williams University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNortheastern University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 18

Article Example The government is an expression of people’s will and should therefore serve the people’s needs (Jefferson 22). Jefferson had negative views about women trying. However, in the declaration he does not talk much of women but he says that all men are equal (Jefferson 25). Jefferson appeared to favor patriarchal giving men more powers than women. The serious causes include the refusal of his Assent to Laws which also obstructs justice administration, refusing the other people to be elected, connecting with others to subjecting the citizens to the jurisdictions that are not usual to their constitution among other causes (Jefferson 28). These causes are not trivial and serious one that can cause revolution is by refusing his assent to law being the most necessary for the good of the public (Jefferson 28). The most graceful sentence in the entire declaration is that the united colonies had a right of being free and independent States (Jefferson 29). It is place in the first statement of declaration and the purpose is to give the citizens freedom. Jefferson does not the governance system of the king but supports a self government (Jefferson 29). The king does not want to have an assent to the law and this obstructs justice administration. Jefferson however believes that all men are born free law of nature (Jefferson

Critically Assess the Personality (or Psychological) Traits Approach Essay

Critically Assess the Personality (or Psychological) Traits Approach to Explaining Entrepreneurship - Essay Example There is a positive link associating the environment and prevailing situation, and the characteristics needed in entrepreneurship, because personalities or characteristics of an individual are linked with the environment (Littunen, 2000). Therefore, based on this idea, experiences and further changes in the person’s life are crucial to the understanding of personality and entrepreneurship as well. In this paper, the proponent critically assesses the personality (or psychological) traits approach to explaining entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs and the development of their personality traits Personality is defined as an individual’s pattern of behaviours that differentiate him or her from the other, creating certain uniqueness on that person (Feldman, 2003). There are varying psychological approaches in understanding personality and from psychoanalytic perspective, each personality is a significant effect of unconscious forces. These unconscious forces are integral parts of individual’s personality that could potentially determine behaviour. However, aside from this approach, there are still varying theories aiming to identify or understand what personality is all about and that includes the idea of understanding the interplay between the individual and environment (Feldman, 2003). It is important to understand that entrepreneurship is specifically an activity that is created in a business environment where an entrepreneur has the ability or even a chance to develop personal traits in the process in order to be successful in conducting or running an enterprise. In other words, there is a great possible reason to believe that creativity for instance can be learned along the process in conducting or doing a business because it could substantially promise an individual on how to successfully obtain his or her objectives. Moreover, it is possible to obtain the fact that it is not necessary to carry certain personality traits that successful busines s persons posses prior to venturing into business just to be successful. After all, business could be a series of trial and error in which along the process, an individual may find an opportunity to develop special skills or even personalities that could lead him or her to success in business. In the study of Littunen (2000), entrepreneurship was found to have an effect on the personality characteristics of the entrepreneur. On this ground, there is a significant reason to use individual’s characteristics in explaining what entrepreneurship is all about. After all, entrepreneurship could potentially develop certain characteristics and this would mean there is something powerful force about it that could substantially change a person. In great important detail, entrepreneurship enhances a person’s potential in the enterprise. In other words, entrepreneurship is a potential training ground for an entrepreneur to enhance more specific character or personality traits. This specifically proves that personality can be acquired aside from the fact that some theories potentially suggest that it could be innate at some point (Feldman, 2003). Although it was strongly argued that personality is innate based on the basic understanding on the twins’ personalities, there are substantial studies which can also prove that it can be learned through a person’s experience (Jacoby and Youngson, 2004). The following are specific examples

MACROECONOMIC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MACROECONOMIC - Essay Example 2). The objectives of economic growth, stability in prices and the desired level of employment can be attained through fiscal policies. Instruments of fiscal policy and the effectiveness of the different measures in stimulating aggregate demand There are three main instruments of fiscal policy as discussed below. They are public debts, taxation and public spending. The instruments can be sued by the concerned authorities to achieve the desired level of production, national income as well as consumption. The term aggregate demand refers to the total expenditure made by the households, government and businesses on the goods and services that are produced domestically. It describes the behaviour of the buyers in response to changes in the policy implementations. If the level on inflation rises, the purchasing power of the consumers fall and therefore the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping (Auerbach, 2005, p. 3). This is described in the diagram below. Increase in government spen ding: The increase in the expenditure from the part of the government is likely to shift the aggregate demand curve to the right. The diagram below will provide the realistic picture. The increase in government spending means more money or disposable income on the hands of the consumers. The level of employment will take the upward rising curve and therefore it is natural that the aggregate demand curve will budge to the right as the overall level of demand within the economy will rise. Increase in tax cuts: The increase in tax cuts is expected to have the same effect as the cut will stimulate investment spending and the level of demand exiting in the economy will rise. Therefore the aggregate demand curve will budge to the right in this case as well. Fiscal policy stance 2012 (Australia) The fiscal deficit of Australia reached at the level of 44.7 billion dollars during the year 2012. The fiscal stance that the government adopted during the federal budget during that year was mostl y emphasized upon reducing the government expenditure. There were announcements of several new taxes namely minerals resource rent tax and the carbon price. There were some additional to fund reconstruction after natural disasters. The following diagram will show the government spending for the 2012 for Australia. The following table shows the personal tax rates for the country in 2012. Appropriateness of the fiscal policy stance Variation in outcomes can be witnessed among the different industries. The high commodity prices boosted the national income while the terms of trade reached at the record level in that year. On the other hand the conditions remained subdued in the fields of investments as well as in the arena of household spending (WACE Revision Centre, 2013, p. 12). The rate of unemployment has remained at the level of 5.25% although there was slight improvement in the unemployment conditions in the middle periods of 2011. The expenditures made by the consumers have remai ned at the moderate level with no surprising trends. The ratio of net wealth to disposable income has fallen in the recent years. The business investment rose sharply till the second half which drove in capital imports into the country and the impact of the capital imports had significant effects on the current account balance of the country. The demand stimulus of the country contracted

Evelyn Hooker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evelyn Hooker - Essay Example was that gays and lesbians are essentially maladjusted persons who need the help of society to be re-integrated and to have normal lives like most people. Her personal and professional life was influenced to a big extent by her mentor with name of Prof. Karl Muenzinger who encouraged her to pursue further studies on behaviorism, in particular the sub-topic of homosexuality. Her interest in this particular subject was due to her making friends with one of her students (name was Mr. Sam From) who was homosexual and challenged her to study him and other homosexuals to disprove commonly-held notions. Her various experiments disproved homosexuals as socially maladjusted people; her studies in effect showed this group to be well adjusted socially no different from the general population. Her studies were used by the gay rights movement to promote their own advocacies. Her personal life starting from her high school years, through college, to the masters program and eventually, the doctorate program influenced her research work because she saw all these as a way to get out of poverty and the drudgery of house work. She was quite lucky to be acquainted with professors who encouraged her to do groundbreaking research work but by her own admission, she did the research more out of curiosity and empathy. Her anonymous fellowship for a year of study in Europe gave her valuable insights to the events happening there at that time, specifically the persecution of the Jewish people at the hands of Hitler and Nazi Germany. She further traveled to Russia at around this time also and saw with her own eyes and through direct experience social injustices such as the rampant and overt discrimination against certain ethnic minorities. This gave her impetus to focus her studies on clinical psychology which gave birth to her almost exclusive concentration on the study of homosexuality in which this group of people are discriminated against as deviants. A turning point in her career

The importance of Marketing Communication Essay

The importance of Marketing Communication - Essay Example The process of any effective communication has six constituents i.e. the context, the sender, the message, the medium, the receiver and the feedback. The intention of communication is achieved only when the receiver successfully decodes the message in its truest sense and provides feedback to the sender. The American Marketing Association defines marketing as "an organisational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organisation and its stakeholders" (American Marketing Association, n.d.). Communication is the most critical aspect of a thriving marketing plan. The stake-holders are to be properly communicated in terms of organisational objectives, strategies and policies. The end-users i.e. the customers or the business partners (the stakeholders) should have fair knowledge about the product line, the availability of the products, the price and the promotional measures. All of these can be achieved only with proper communication as and when required. Even with all other things in place, without effective communication, the organisation can never expect to reach its desired goal. The supermarket giant of United Kingdom, Sainsbury's Plc was established in 1869. The most reputed standing major in the sector of super market chain, over the period of time Sainsbury's Plc has been regarded as heritage provider of safe, healthy, tasty and fresh food. The company also has the credit of constant improvement to provide the foods according to the requirements of the customers and maintains special attention towards the freshness of the food. The company serves more than 18 million customers per week and the market share of the company is around 16%. The company claims that their large stores offer a whole range of variety products of at least 30,000 types and also cater to the markets of non-food products and services from many of the stores. The company has five core principles namely The best for food and health Sourcing with integrity Respect for our environment Making a positive difference to our community A great place to work. ( J Sainsbury Plc, n.d.). Marketing Communication Mix The marketing communication can be expected to be successful only with proper mix of the various components of it. The different features are as follows: Advertising - Advertisement id the most sought technique of marketing communication. The advertisements are general in nature and are used to reach the geographically scattered customers. It contributes towards the long term relationship of the company with the client. Public Relations - Public relations is more of a formal channel of marketing communication. It includes formal press releases, advertorials, organisation of parties in favour of the products. It also ranges to sponsorships. Sales Promotion - Sales promotion is another constituent of the marketing communication mix. The techniques involved in sales promotion include discounts, coupons, premium offers, interesting contests, etc primarily with the objective of drawing quick buyer response. Direct Marketing - The modes of marketing that are intended to effect

Evelyn Hooker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evelyn Hooker - Essay Example was that gays and lesbians are essentially maladjusted persons who need the help of society to be re-integrated and to have normal lives like most people. Her personal and professional life was influenced to a big extent by her mentor with name of Prof. Karl Muenzinger who encouraged her to pursue further studies on behaviorism, in particular the sub-topic of homosexuality. Her interest in this particular subject was due to her making friends with one of her students (name was Mr. Sam From) who was homosexual and challenged her to study him and other homosexuals to disprove commonly-held notions. Her various experiments disproved homosexuals as socially maladjusted people; her studies in effect showed this group to be well adjusted socially no different from the general population. Her studies were used by the gay rights movement to promote their own advocacies. Her personal life starting from her high school years, through college, to the masters program and eventually, the doctorate program influenced her research work because she saw all these as a way to get out of poverty and the drudgery of house work. She was quite lucky to be acquainted with professors who encouraged her to do groundbreaking research work but by her own admission, she did the research more out of curiosity and empathy. Her anonymous fellowship for a year of study in Europe gave her valuable insights to the events happening there at that time, specifically the persecution of the Jewish people at the hands of Hitler and Nazi Germany. She further traveled to Russia at around this time also and saw with her own eyes and through direct experience social injustices such as the rampant and overt discrimination against certain ethnic minorities. This gave her impetus to focus her studies on clinical psychology which gave birth to her almost exclusive concentration on the study of homosexuality in which this group of people are discriminated against as deviants. A turning point in her career

CRJ 422 Week 5 discussions 1 and 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJ 422 Week 5 discussions 1 and 2 - Essay Example A society that is socially just is anchored on the principles of equality and solidarity, as well as understanding of human values and recognising the aspect of human dignity (Blasi & Jost, 2006). In essence, social justice enhances degree of economic egalitarianism through income redistribution, continuous taxation as well as property redistribution. Social justice system thus enhances incorporation of all members of the society to enjoy the resources in the community as well as encouraging all community members to participate in society matters (Ahrens, 2006) Law enforcement involves the aspect of making the community members follow the laid down rule the police officers do this. The judiciary plays a role in executing and interpreting laws it prosecutes those individuals who have broken the law. Criminology, which is the scientific study of causes, consequences and management of criminal behaviours in individuals, has a big impact on social and criminal justice. Incorporating other fields like psychology, philosophy and law provides a broader understanding of criminal and social justice. The fields make it easier for scholars in law to understand the community member’s behaviours in relation to criminal conduct. The overall study I have obtained while at Ashford University has had a significant impact on my knowledge and skills as well as shaping my way of thinking in the career. Personally, I have learnt from my fellow colleagues as well as the lecturers on certain specific skills in handling law issues. Indeed the law is broad and extensive, therefore understanding it has been made easy through the various discussions while learning. I shall apply the knowledge and skills I have acquired in various law firms or institutions that deal with law enforcements. I shall engage in research to identify new areas in criminal and social justice system that may help the entire community understand their role in maintaining law. Moreover,

Write the Short Essay on Places of Interest in Your Town Essay Example for Free

Write the Short Essay on Places of Interest in Your Town Essay The population of Kuala Lumpur is a unique and evenly balanced mixture of Malay, Chinese, Indian and sundry ethnicities. Conversations, manners and food throughout the city as well as the patience and insouciance to which travellers are exposed contain healthy doses of this cultural amalgamation. Batu Caves Kuala Lumpur is located approximately 11 kilometres to the north of Kuala Lumpur, Batu Caves is a limestone hill comprising three major caves and a number of smaller ones. Considered one of Kuala Lumpur’s most frequented tourist attractions, this 100-year-old temple features idols and statues erected inside the main caves and around it. Incorporated with interior limestone formations said to be around 400 million years old, the temple is considered an important religious landmark by Hindus. Central Market Kuala Lumpur located along Jalan Hang Kasturi – only a few minutes away from Petaling Street – is the renowned Central Market. Also known as Pasar Seni, this market is one of Kuala Lumpur’s most familiar landmarks as well as a popular tourist attraction. In the past it was a simple wet market yet today it is a permanent structure that houses all sorts of traders – you can find an assortment of merchandise here that ranges from handicrafts and souvenirs to authentic Malaysian batik prints. Chow Kit Market located at the northern end of Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman, Chow Kit is acknowledged as one of Malaysia’s most infamous landmarks. Even though it may not be as well known by tourists in comparison to its starlet cousin, Petaling Street – which is located within the same area – it is definitely exciting although not for the faint hearted. Chow Kit is divided into two fairly detached halves. The first half is home to some of KL’s most sordid avenues while the other part plays host to a bazaar that is perhaps KL’s most popular. Istana Budaya is Malaysia’s National Theatre. Also known as The Palace of Culture, it towers over the National Art Gallery on Jalan Tun Razak. Built in 1999, it is the country’s main venue for local and international music, dance and drama performances, including operettas, classical concerts and more.

Sociology Of The Family And Social Change Sociology Essay

Sociology Of The Family And Social Change Sociology Essay Throughout history  society and  families have undergone huge changes and these have been argued by many different  sociological  perspectives.   The reasons for the  argued changes  are  as diverse  as the theories themselves.   In this essay I aim to raise, evaluate and analyse the arguments raised by Functionalist, Marxist and Feminist theories with regards to why and when these changes occurred and their impact on the family and society in general.  Economic factors,  war,  changes in womens rights, reduction in religious beliefs and increase in divorce and a more recent  era of technology are just some of the factors that have affected  society  and thus changed the structure of the family as was previously known.  All of these could be said to have being responsible for what is seen as a breakdown in the  family unit as it was known but in this essay I will be looking at the effects  of  industrialisation on the family. Families have always been the foundation blocks from which we grow and learn, a means of support, whos components can change differently over time depending on where the families  exist. The extended family included three  generations of kin. The members didnt only share a household but also an important economic role which was to work together as a collective group, the purpose was to help keep the family alive and well, for example, the men would do more intensive labour such as subsistence farming, hunting and gathering, whilst the women would do crafts trades and domestic duties like cooking, brewing, caring for the offspring as well as perfecting the role of a successful wife and mother, which kept their husband happier and motivated to work hard for his family.   Eventually, the era of technology was introduced to society. This made a vast alteration in history by replacing most manual and animal labour in many countries across the world, which eventually forced the agriculture industry into an industrial working society. In the 18th  Century, industrialisation hit Britain and small industries started to rapidly grow across the country, specializing from metal production and mining to spinning, weaving and food production e.g. slaughter houses. More additional opportunities for employment were offered, altering the family structure dramatically, from as little as the age four, they were capable of working in factories. The growth of industrialisation resulted in more work for the unemployed. Wages were low, yet the house rent, food and living expenses increased. Many workers had no intentions of limiting their family size as their infant children continued to contribute to the family economy.   Eventually the small cottage businesss started to grow  into proto-industrial business  and families started hiring more workers other than kin. Functionalism was the main branch in society up until the early 1960s, since then it has been increasingly criticized by other sociologists who favoured different sociology perspectives (Martin Holborn and  Liz Steel -Collins Publications).  Institutions  such as schools and churches played a big part in society according to Functionalists and these institutions were functional for societies as a whole. The first main functionalists were G P Murdock and Talcott Parsons. Firstly, Murdock argued that the society was held together by four functions; Sexual, Reproduction, Economy and Education. Later on,  Parsons theory (which was widely criticised by historical evidence, notably studies by  Laslett and Anderson) was to study  nuclear and heterosexual  families,  Parsons Fit Thesis states that the Modern Nuclear family evolved to meet the needs of an industrial society, Feminists argued that tradition roles of the family restricted opportunities in employment. They also argued that although women were employed, that they were also expected  to carry out  the triple shift at home, which consisted of housework, child care and emotional work.  Marxists  argued that family helped a lot of children accept authorities without questioning which prepared them to accept capitalist authorities in work places. Another Marxism argument was that without the growing population of th e family, the  demand for products would decrease capitalist profits.   Marxist feminists agreed with these arguments but also pointed out that it was the women who were exploited most of all, they explained that the tradition role of the mother and housewife figure wasnt fair, but as they are prepared for this role, it provided help to their husbands at low prices which resulted to male workers being employed at low wages.   Marxists assumed the family had many roles which were beneficial to the Capitalist society, they  belived  that the family helped capitalism by being the major consumers of paid goods, this helped the bourgeoisie a great deal and proved that whilst the family exists, then the bourgeoisie would resume to make more profit.   They also believed that the next proletariat generation were created by housewives, as more children were produced, more jobs were filled which were currently left open by the retired. They believed that the family helped the main income provider,  which was usually the husband by relieving pressure from the previous evening allowing him to attend work the next day working and allowing the bourgeoisie to obligate a guaranteed workforce resulting in a beneficial outcome, the proletariat were less likely to rebel against the system due to little stress.   To Marxists, education was considered the main source of  socialisation,  this was also beneficial to the bourgeoisie since the family and education system would teach the children how the society they live in is precise.  Education made the proletariat believe the ideology of Capitalism which encouraged children to believe in the myth of meritocracy. Marxists believed that the bourgeoisie discouraged the proletariat extended family that once existed.  Marxists believe  that the proletariat had a mutual support system and acted communally as a support unit, which lead to many people becoming aware of which class they were in. This lead to the proletariat protesting against the capitalist ruling class for power, but as this was brought about by the extended family, the bourgeoisie taught the extended family to be immoral.   Engels saw industrialisation  negatively as  it increased exploitation of the workers, but also in a positive light  as it would eventually cause a communist revolution. The Marxist theories I have raised suggest that while Marxs theory makes sense, it has also been disproven throughout history as almost all of the countries that were introduced to the communist revolution eventually collapsed and became capitalist governments Communists didnt lead to freedom for the workers, but only to exploitive tyrannies that abused the proletariat more inferior than any bourgeoisie ever did, which concludes that although communism may well have been a great theory, it was never a practical one. Historically the feminist  approach is primarily aimed  at men,  there  view  on  the family  has an economic system which  encompasses   an  array of labour relation in which men benefit from the exploitation of women.   Marriage has existed for the benefit of men; and has been a legally sanctioned method of control over women We must work to destroy it. The end of the institution of marriage is a necessary condition for the liberation of women. Therefore it is important for us to encourage women to leave their husbands and not to live individually with men All of history must be re-written in terms of oppression of women.  (The Declaration of Feminism November, 1971) Many feminists came to the conclusion that when a member of the household worked, the income wasnt to contribute towards the household, but to the man. They saw the family a way for the man to dominate the woman, as he would benefit from all the work the woman does to contribute towards the family e.g. cleaning, cooking,  and bringing  up the children and more.   Which also includes  other view feminists  had involving the 57 varieties of unpaid service.   Radical feminists believe that the main problem in society is patriarchy,  they believe that a mans point of view is dominance and power, that they arent respected like they should be. A Marxist feminist believes capitalism is to blame for the problem, they believe that capitalism weakens the society  ( mainly  women ) , and if they eliminated  capitalism and introduce communism. A Liberal feminist believes that over time, sexism has started to diminish and society has started to improve.   In conclusion there are many arguments regarding the industrialisation of the family and its affects.   Many factors come into play and the many combinations of these along with the diversity of what family means to different people, I feel it makes it hard for any theory to, on its own, explain how and why these changes happened or to know if they would have anyway and are possibly down to evolution. External influences affect us all differently dependant in class, financial, social and emotional factors within a family unit.   There is no norm and so to claim any one theory alone correct would not take this in to account.  

Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century Essay -- Exploratory

Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century During the twentieth century, there were many people, some well known and others not so well known, who contributed to society in one way or another. When determining which one of these people was the biggest contributor to society during the twentieth century, and, therefore, the person of the twentieth century, their lives as a whole should be taken into consideration. In addition to contributing much to society in various ways, the best candidate for person of the century should also have had struggles and experiences that they overcame or went through and from which they learned. Winston Churchill is the person who contributed the most to society during the twentieth century and made it what it is today. Throughout his life, like other good candidates for person of the century, Winston Churchill had many struggles and experiences that he overcame and from which he learned. One of these major struggles had to do with his family, or more specifically, his parents. Winston was born into a rich and famous family of England. Both his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, and his mother, Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome), were well known throughout England. Lord Randolph was a well-known member of Parliament and, because of his popularity, his wife was also well known. Like other well-known people at the time, Winston’s parents were often busy with political and social meetings and didn’t have time to care for him. Mrs. Everest, a nurse/nanny to Winston and his brother, Jack, took care of him as he grew up. As one author writes, â€Å"It was to her [Mrs. Everest] that Winston turned when in need, and he always remembered her with affection† (Bailey 8). It wasn’ t that Winston was... ...h birthday, he died. People from all over the world paid tribute to him for all he had done for society (Bailey 60-63). Sir Winston Churchill fits the perfect description for man of the century. He used the abilities and qualities to not only lead England (and the other Allies) in a defeat against Hitler, but also prevent civilization from becoming to a more evil civilization, tainted with the evil of Hitler. Bibliography Bailey, Eva. Churchill. East Sussex: Wayland Publishers Limited, 1981. â€Å"Famous Quotes & Stories of Winston Churchill.† (Online). Available http://www.winstonchurchill.org/bonmots.htm, May 12, 2001. Microsoft Corporation. â€Å"Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer.† 2000. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. CD-ROM. Sandys, Celia. The Young Churchill: The Early Years of Winston Churchill. United States of America: Dutton, 1995. Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century Essay -- Exploratory Winston Churchill as Man of the Twentieth Century During the twentieth century, there were many people, some well known and others not so well known, who contributed to society in one way or another. When determining which one of these people was the biggest contributor to society during the twentieth century, and, therefore, the person of the twentieth century, their lives as a whole should be taken into consideration. In addition to contributing much to society in various ways, the best candidate for person of the century should also have had struggles and experiences that they overcame or went through and from which they learned. Winston Churchill is the person who contributed the most to society during the twentieth century and made it what it is today. Throughout his life, like other good candidates for person of the century, Winston Churchill had many struggles and experiences that he overcame and from which he learned. One of these major struggles had to do with his family, or more specifically, his parents. Winston was born into a rich and famous family of England. Both his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, and his mother, Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome), were well known throughout England. Lord Randolph was a well-known member of Parliament and, because of his popularity, his wife was also well known. Like other well-known people at the time, Winston’s parents were often busy with political and social meetings and didn’t have time to care for him. Mrs. Everest, a nurse/nanny to Winston and his brother, Jack, took care of him as he grew up. As one author writes, â€Å"It was to her [Mrs. Everest] that Winston turned when in need, and he always remembered her with affection† (Bailey 8). It wasn’ t that Winston was... ...h birthday, he died. People from all over the world paid tribute to him for all he had done for society (Bailey 60-63). Sir Winston Churchill fits the perfect description for man of the century. He used the abilities and qualities to not only lead England (and the other Allies) in a defeat against Hitler, but also prevent civilization from becoming to a more evil civilization, tainted with the evil of Hitler. Bibliography Bailey, Eva. Churchill. East Sussex: Wayland Publishers Limited, 1981. â€Å"Famous Quotes & Stories of Winston Churchill.† (Online). Available http://www.winstonchurchill.org/bonmots.htm, May 12, 2001. Microsoft Corporation. â€Å"Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer.† 2000. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. CD-ROM. Sandys, Celia. The Young Churchill: The Early Years of Winston Churchill. United States of America: Dutton, 1995.

Touch of Evil: Abuse of Power and Corruption in the Police Force

James Temple Coms 356 Paper on Lighting I believe an important theme of Touch of Evil is the abuse of power and corruption in the police force. The film follows detectives as they try and find out who planted dynamite in a car which blew up. Detective Hank Quinlan shows up on the scene and has a feeling that the dynamite was planted by someone on the Mexican side. Detective Quinlan is a corrupt detective who does anything he can to drag evil doers to justice. His fellow officers awe him and his reputation to take justice into his own hands. Detective Quinlan can be both a good and evil guy. In the first example, Chiaroscuro lighting is used to darken Hank Quinlan’s face. This lighting shows how Quinlan is an evil individual who gets what he wants. This lighting is of low key since it is hard to see Quinlan’s face. To the right of Quinlan is one of the Mexican mob men and Susan with light shining on them coming from the right side of the screen. This light is of high key and high contrast. The light is shining on Susan as if this scene wants to show us how she is good and that she is just an innocent bystander. On the face of Hank is a stern look which gives him a sinister appearance that he’ll do anything to obtain justice. The Mexican mob guy is standing there with his hands up with light shining all over him as to say that he is a good guy and hasn’t done anything wrong but we know that this isn’t the case. In the second example, we have light shining on Hank Quinlan and Ramon Vargas. Here the lighting is of high key and high contrast. This is picture is when Quinlan tells Vargas that the dynamite has been in this box, but Vargas tells him that he just looked in the box and it wasn’t in there before. Vargas’ face is lit showing that he is of innocence and is a good guy. On the other hand Quinlan has his hat on which cast a little shadow over his eyes showing that he is evil. We can tell that Quinlan is up to something and that it was most likely him who put the dynamite stick in the box. Detective Quinlan has a lot of power and he uses it to the fullest. [pic] Example 1 [pic] Example 2

Compare and Contrast between Arranged Marriage and Love Marriage Essay

Comparison and Contrast between Arranged Marriage and Love Marriage It is believed that marriages are made in heaven. It might be true while in reality the couples who are married are either in love with one another or the marriages are finalized or arranged by their family members. Debate about whether love marriage or arranged marriage is better is never ending as both sides have their experience and testimony to support the system which suits them. The purpose of this passage is to compare the arranged marriage with love marriage from the aspect of mutual understanding and love; and contrast the two types of marriages from the aspects of differences in expectations and mutual attitudes after the wedding, different reactions from the family. We should be aware that modern arranged marriage isn’t equal to forced marriage. Today parents are more realistic and becoming broad minded enough to accept the choice of their kids in marriage. Arranged marriages are also successful when the parents don’t force their children to marry whom they don’t want to and when the parents support and help their children to find their respective spouses as per their desires and likings. It is definitely wonderful when children are given the right to take a decision themselves on their marriage and also there should be proper arrangements for the first time—this is also called a period of courtship when both of them decide to date and decide to get married. Therefore, love can also be generated between the arranged ones during this period. Since it is true love, it has nothing to do with time. Whether it is a love or arranged wedding, it should be based on love, empathy, responsibility, concern, and commitment. The similarity also exists in the life after the wedding. It calls for a lot of dedication and efforts to carry on the relation. And to support and live happily with each other, both of them need patience, perseverance, and mutual affection and care. Despite the similarities, there are also some obvious differences. The first difference appears in the different expectations and mutual attitudes after the wedding. In the case of arranged marriages, the first few years are spent to know and understand much more deeply about each other’s likes and dislikes. The thrill and excitement of knowing each other, always keeps the couple motivated and positive towards each other. Whereas in the case of love marriages, the bride and the groom have already gotten along with each other for a long time and there are no more space left for the interest or curiosity of knowing more about each other. In the case of arranged marriages, even a small deed of care and forgiveness, leads to the strengthening of the marriage as a bond and the feeling of adjustment and compromise is more compared to the love marriages. While in love ones, the bride and the groom are always in a situation to compromise and the feelings may be no longer fresh and there are a lot of expectations from the life partner, which when left unfulfilled, will lead to quarrels and misunderstandings. For instance, sometimes discords may arise between couples having love marriages. It has come to the fore that after spending a long time together, many couples in love marriages are found to be repenting on their decisions. They find it hard to keep up the nuptial life and at last break the bond to get free. That is why it is reported that the divorce rate for arranged marriages in the traditional countries is much lower than those in the United States, where marriages out of love rule. Moreover, arranged marriages enjoy a clear edge over the love ones also because most parents think that only they are competent in finding the most suitable match for their beloved sons or daughters. Marriage is not just two people coming together but two families uniting to bring two souls together in holy matrimony. In arranged marriages the family or the matchmaker first scrutinizes the possible brides, their family and background and leaves the final decision with the groom or vice versa. The whole family support the matrimony during high and low times. They see to it that the couple is happy with one another at all times. Minor misunderstandings are cleared by advice from seniors who act as relationship managers and marriage councilors. With such an expert team around the couple thrive joyously. Contrarily in arranged marriages, there is a lot of pressure on the couples to meet parental expectations. Apart from the fact that couples in love have to face the challenges of the community and pacify their family members to accept the partner chosen by them, they have to make great efforts if they found their characteristics and family values didn’t fit into the new family. There can also be disputes emerging frequently in love marriages such as producing offspring, taking participation in family rituals, developing great rapport with sisters-in-laws, contributing to family expenses, and so on. As for myself, I’m kind of neutral. Being a girl with unpredictable future, I don’t think I have to depend on my family to find my life-long partner for me. But I do think an arranged marriage isn’t a bad choice when I’m at the marriage age without finding my Mr. Right. At that time an arranged marriage is undoubtedly a choice to widen my social circle as well as introduce me more people and to make both my parents and I happy. In conclusion, arranged marriage and love marriage are different when it comes to the mutual expectations and attitudes as well as family reactions. However, they also share similarities in the vital existence of love and understanding. We should remember that love is a vital element in a marriage, no matter what type or form we follow. It should happen and then bliss will subsequently follow.

Corporate Governance and Business Ethics

It is quite interesting to note that, academic research in business ethics was a totally distinct discipline from research in corporate governance, and the application of the word ‘ethics' was uncommon in available research on corporate governance. The chief responsibility of corporate governance was understood to be safeguarding the benefits of the shareholders. Because of the severance between ownership and management, and the incapability of the independent owners to supervise the performances of those managers, a possibility was available for vital strategic decisions to be taken which would advantageous for the managers to a more larger extent compared to the owners. For example, takeovers not related to the organization's core competence outcome in a bigger corporation, however, it does not result in a more profitable company all the time. Certainly, research has proved that extremely increased extent of isolated diversification normally resulted in lower profits. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) Till the greater part of 1990s, nevertheless, remuneration of executives was normally settled to a greater degree by the magnitude of the company compared to by what profits the company is earning. Therefore, unconnected takeovers will openly and instantly be advantageous for the upper-level managers, however may really be unfavorable in case of the stockholders. In the latter part of 1980s and initial stages of 1990s, when numerous mid and lower ranked employees in America were trimmed down, huge remuneration of the CEOs and the application of other methods which exclusively are advantageous to top level managers started to be talked about in greater detail and also in non-business news publications. Even in this present era, Fortune, Business Week, and The Wall Street Journal report about the yearly surveys of remuneration of CEOs and bonuses. The matters which are normally implicated as the active crusade of the shareholder which started during the 1990s, which culminated in increased appreciation on the part of the investors regarding good corporate governance. In case the citizens might lose confidence in the business due to extensive substandard corporate governance, the outcome could be that the common investor will search for scope other than the stock market. Episodes, in the bygone few years have displayed that an existence has been found about a deep bonding between business ethics and corporate governance. The activities of a company's top executives impact the lives of several people, not merely shareholders. The arena of corporate governance is appreciating that it is stakeholders, not merely shareholders, whose privileges should be safeguarded. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) The position of U. S. corporations was a vital point in time in which a growing amount of scams have impaired their standing as socially accountable entities. (Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) The Enron debacle has impacted not just the assets of its shareholders, but also even the fate of its staff, and also the Houston community in which it was situated. The domino effects of Enron, Arthur Andersen, Tyco, and other scandals at high places are witnessed presently in the stock market, our country and the employment prospects of our fresh graduates passing out of colleges, and maybe the most enduring in its detriment – in public skepticism, disbelief, and antipathy with the business community. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) The trust among investors was at its nadir, leading in persistent confusion in the financial markets and a smothering of economic turnaround. Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) Considerable sums of invested monies vanished because of accusations of misappropriation at the corporate level and misuse at the internal level. The accusations of scams and a broad discernment of doubt and indecision were unswervingly hindering the capability of enterprises to fight, create fresh jobs and better our economy. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) Overseas investors were taking a cautious approach prior to feeling certain that their investments are secure with the U. S. companies. (Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) The question remains whether an encouraging result is present of these latest episodes. Efficient corporate governance is something which is based on a fundamental set of ethical principles which steer the actions of the company, regarding the decision to launch a new product or collect new capital. It sets up a scaffold for efficiently evaluating risk and finding out and preventing scam and misuse by the internal employees of the corporate. I believe that some of the encouraging results of these latest episodes are which the common American is very aware in the present era regarding corporate governance -although the word is not used by them. I consider that we will be witnessing that in the coming years, communities will expect ethical behavior from companies, be resolute that corporate governance show the commendable values of the company, and that the society reward the people who are idols of excellence and penalize those who flout their wishes. Moreover, I expect that each one of is more aware that ethics is an extremely compelling component of any business proportion. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) There is a universal consensus by the management, regulators, and investor regarding the urgency of a heightened importance on ethics and a better examination of business governance. Endeavors are currently concentrated on developing organizational structures and a legal structure of confirmation and maintaining equilibrium, which are just, ethical, although typified by economic competence. Understanding the enlarged urgency for modifiable management practices and governance systems to bring back confidence in the securities market, the U. S. Congress enacted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Through the provisions of the Act, it was made compulsory for setting up of separate corporate Board of Directors, establishment of independent audit and nomination committees, and solving of disagreement of interest among the management and other stakeholders in firms, denotes necessity of separate auditors, and accords more rigorous accounting information disclosure norms. Latest and proposed Securities and Exchange Commission rules are there, national stock exchange listing needs, and across the board fresh acts that passed by both sides of Congress, accented by President Bush, building new structures for the governance of the accounting industry as also enticement to manage deception in the shape of strict punishments for corporate delinquency. Even though these needs are mostly aimed at publicly traded businesses and other government controlled industries, these novel regulations must cause management and Boards of Directors, regardless of public or privately held businesses to heed to the demand for corporate reform earnestly by setting up or once again finding out their code of ethics of the company. Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) The indecisive efficacy of any fresh regulatory code; its possible expenses of implementation, and the restrictions of automatic remedial market mechanisms, call for building of institutions which ease the realization and execution of the law efficiently and in planned fortitude. These types of institutions must even suggest pioneering governance practices and build increasing apparent and easily supervised codes of ethics together with stringent disclosure needs. Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) Return on equity is very crucial, but at the same time performing business without restoring to short-cuts is also important. Shareholders activism is important, but at the same time eagerness by the shareholders to allow management to perform its duty is also vital. Cautious notice to firm rules and methods is valuable, but concurrently is the capability to be resilient and keen to change long-standing regulations and processes. Permitting a company to gain from the network of acquaintances of staff is vital, however side by side is averting of circumstances wherein people believe that the company's decisions are arrived not on the merits, rather depending on the basis of contacts. (Ethics and Corporate Governance: Is There One Best Way? ) Every profitable enterprise wants to flourish and therefore require skilled senior management. But skilled management never implies that that sole decisive factor is awareness regarding the functioning of the business and the capability to augment earnings, growth and profits. Competent management must even instill a custom of truthfulness and ethical conduct. The Board of Directors and management must fix a right ethical pretext in case of every employee, across the hierarchy of the organization. An efficient code of ethics or code of conduct is something which is espoused by the Board of Directors and routinely evaluated and reinstated by the Board. A Code of Ethics must fix the values of the company like the leadership, responsibility, honesty, and dedication and it is not the end of it. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) In case of beginners, codes of conduct must deal with working conditions, personnel enrichment and training, and disagreements of interest. In order to be genuinely effectual, a code of ethics must be included into employee training across the company and used as an instrument for assisting worker feeling on expected conduct. It must be supervised at every stage to find out if the ideals are really executed across the company. A lot of companies with ethics programs have persisted to sustain hue legal cost for litigation based on unethical conduct of its employees due to gaps in supervising and implementing an ethical code of conduct. The ongoing engagement of every staff as also service by Board members must partly be resolved by every person espousing, enforcing and behaving themselves as per a suitable ethical code of conduct. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) To conclude, corporate governance guidelines and ethics are developing fast. Investors are calling for increased standards as also other stakeholders. Those companies who do not possess appropriate corporate governance and ethics processes endanger themselves to serious harm to their standing, criminal/ legal action and authoritarian punishments.